Standard software solutions do not cover all the needs of organizations and management have to order finalization of certain functions, and sometimes even entire modules. However, experience shows that public institutions have resorted to "individual" projects are more likely than business. This may be a common refinement of the model solution module, where the functional rebuilt more than 50%, essentially creating a new module based on the agency database already in use or development of solutions based on open source software (OSS). According to the Head of Project Management Department of Business Systems company "NVision Group" Andrei Nechayev, a sector of updated software for Public Procurement is now about 30% of the total software market. Constantine Kulichenko, CEO of Dev-House, estimates the volume of this market in 2010, approximately 6-7 billion rubles-lei. "This is a very approximate figure, since accurate data on actual expenditures for information technology in general, government agencies simply are not available. Especially since there are no data on the Custom Software, "- he explains. Center for Information Studies (whose partner is Dev-House) created finalized (customized) solutions based on database management systems to process customer's unstructured data to the State Duma, the Moscow Region Government and the Research Institute of "Sunrise." "Creating a custom of such customized solutions with the necessary functionality in addition to the existing system cost is much cheaper than installing an additional module types. Also, in some cases, to implement this additional functionality, needed to dramatically change the basic system, which means more expenses, "- says Konstantin Kulichenko. The reasons for the demand for revision number. First, the automation of offices was choppy, on orders from above. And a way to automate frequently chosen not from the standpoint of efficiency, but based on the personal benefits of responsible persons. As a result, some parts of automated solutions for different platforms. Over time, there is a need of integration, which is "made to order." In addition, new features and change the rules of business processes in such cases, the functional refinement of existing systems is required. "Packaged solutions mainly serve typical user tasks and can be used in the public sector only in rare cases, such as workflow automation or intelligence", - says Nikolay Zezyulinsky of "Force." "In a strict multilevel hierarchy of departments, and to find a turnkey solution, which would correspond to it, often impossible. Finally, the authorities are working with very large amounts of information, so they often require special solutions "- lists the arguments in favor of improvements Constantine Kulichenko. One gets the feeling that sometimes the completion of the functional departments for customer reluctance to optimize processes, such as document management. Experience of implementing just allows us to estimate the proportion objectively necessary and unnecessary procedures. 50/50, according to Andrei Nechayev. "" Unnecessary "manipulation occurs when the purpose for which the system was created, replaced by endless to upgrade and refine the system, or other motives" - he said. The result of such projects one - kickbacks. Another point - accounting alternatives. In theory, at first determined the choice of solutions, and then look for the artist. In practice, a contest in combination - describes the functional, and then - who both propose to implement it. And for how much. This approach allows to optimize the capital costs but not operating costs. And if we assume that bidders for some reason did not offer the possibility of cheaper and CIO offices just do not know of its existence, the minimization of investment is also controversial. "Someone may not know about these free databases like Cassandra, which is implemented Twitter or MongoDB», - gives the example of Andrei Nechayev. Proprietary software. The first negative that comes to mind in comparison to the ACT - the need to pay for a license. Perhaps the devil is not so terrible as he is painted. "The cost of acquiring licenses do not exceed 15-20% of the total project cost for custom design, - says Nikolay Zezyulinsky. - Moreover, payment of licenses for the DBMS is carried out once. Later in the development of any solutions on this platform, you pay only for the programmers' work. " Still, given that contracts with major agencies are millions of dollars, one fifth of the investment - not such a small sum. You should also take into account the existing infrastructure. Does it make sense to abandon the platform licensed, if the transition to open source software will require huge amount of money and time? "The functionality of the ACT is not comparable with the capabilities of specialized license software products - particularly those that require processing and storage of huge amounts of data - leads another argument Zezyulinsky Nicholas. - Based on open source software can be developed for non-critical applications of the institution. " Automated analytical reporting the state information system of migration registration at the Federal Migration Service of Russia is built on a platform of Oracle Business Intelligence. One of the major blocks of the system - a subsystem of analytical reporting and data storage. By 2010, there is a need to refine it - wanted to create an optimized solution that provides the ability to handle large volumes of data arriving at regular intervals from different sources. "The project started in July 2010, we had to extend the functionality of the system through integration with additional data sources", - says Nikolay Zezyulinsky. Free choice. International experience shows that public institutions of developed countries tend to be tripping. The main argument - as the protection of the independence of the public interest. When applied to the automation of many developed European countries have already successfully completed their own programs, the undisputed leader of the process considered Netherlands. In Russia, too much talk about the transition of state institutions in the ACT. The government declared the independence from foreign expansion, adherence to national security. Transition program was signed by Vladimir Putin, some activities are carried out, but in general in Russia while the transition to open source software is not centralized, and private, when the leadership is chosen to automate individual departments themselves. For example, the Moscow police department wanted to move to electronic documents. It was necessary to ensure prompt delivery of documents to guide and performers, the control of the passage of the document and the execution of orders, rapid retrieval of information and reporting. Project customer - Information Technology Committee of Moscow - has decided to turn to open source software to save on replication. In addition, this solution can be certified to handle information containing state secrets. "The customer has the maximum flexibility of the functional, minimal implementation time, transparent algorithms with minimal costs", - says Andrey Nechayev. Bulk state operator "Rostelecom" raised by the ACT to provide speed and efficiency of services. The company had to accept and process 40 million of citizens during a major television talk shows. Treatment had to come from across the country through the call-centers, voice, SMS-gateway to the reliability of 0.99999. The decision to open source software has been designed and installed for 3 months. An alternative could be a set of licensed products. "We have long been waiting for signed contracts and supplies," - explains the choice of Andrei Nechayev.