Corporate universities select another's bread

In Russia, the cost of training a specialist with a primary or secondary education can be from 150 to 250 thousand rubles (about $ 45-50 thousand per year). At first glance, not so much. For example, a specialist with higher education goes to 2-3 times (80-90 thousand rubles a year, mainly due to higher salaries of teachers). But, unlike them, training middle managers in many large and even not so long ago companies put on stream. Today, employers do train their employees more effective schools. Thus, the cost of training one person in the company may be about 10-15 thousand rubles a month. Given the fact that the training they rarely go more than 2-3 months, the total is unlikely to exceed 50 thousand rubles. That at least 3 times cheaper than three years of study in high school. The problem of quantity. Growth of industrial production showed an acute shortage of workers cad-ditch and mid-level professionals. Catastrophic situation was right before the crisis. Fortunately, the fall-winter of 2008, partly reduced the heat, though truly valuable specialists have sought to leave at home. State, hear endless complaints and requests from employers, sounding almost from every podium, think about the rehabilitation of primary and secondary vocational education (NGOs and ACT). In order to overcome the lag in volumes in 2007, the priority national project "Education" was included special direction, and the NGOs and the ACT for the first time in 20 years fell money. As part of the competitive selection of each institution may receive subsidies from the federal budget in the amount of 20 to 30 million rubles, as many were quick to take advantage of. In just 3 years NGOs and institutions beyond the normal ACT funding has been allocated in total about 10 billion rubles. It is true that under money rain fell only 320 winners - that is about 5% of the total number of agencies. The bulk still awaiting the decision of his fate. By the time the government remembered the existence of schools, technical schools and colleges, the sector accumulated a lot of problems. Starting from the fact that many people have forgotten what it is: very few people from one generation to the 1990s (and even 1980) understands the difference between the vocational and technical schools. The sphere of art and services do not count. This competition from higher education, they did not feel so affected to a lesser degree. It is clear that neither the barber nor the cook does not need it. True, the Polytechnic University diploma, whom have many sysadmins and sales managers, as they do not need, but this is a story from a different opera. Higher education has become an advantage to competitors, even in professions that do not require it strictly (like the Secretary at the reception with philological). For some reason, employers consider it an indicator desire for personal development, career ambitions. Industries in which the average staff shortage is a major problem, despite the crisis, there remain many. For example, the ratio of Russian medical doctors and nurses is one to one and a half, and requires one to eight. This situation is even higher than in Europe, the number of doctors and hospital beds per capita does all the Russian health care system ineffective. Simply put people in hospital, than to send him home to nurse a shot. However, as the government would not "PR" system of vocational education and no matter how young girls walking a white robe, to work for 10-13 thousand rubles a month, agree to one. The problem of quality. During the years of economic transition is far from all the NGOs and the ACT were able to maintain quality standards. Unlike universities, earn money on paid education got almost 10% of institutions. Hence, the material base was not updated on that. Although it is them, in most cases, was much more important than high schools, where basic knowledge still theoretical. In addition, colleges have to focus on children from socially disadvantaged families. How bitterly confessed leader of one of them: "We understand that a boy from incomplete or poor family - our client." As a result, vocational education, in many cases lost the confidence of employers. Many of them prefer to hire specialists with higher education. It seems like the quality of both of them are not satisfied, but at last, it is easier to learn, especially if you have to work with the new vysotehnologichnym equipment. For example, representatives of the auto business, which until the crisis in desperate need of qualified auto mechanics, have repeatedly noted that the difference between the graduates of colleges and the "boys who just love to dig from childhood with the popes in the garage," almost none. Moreover, the last is even better - more enthusiasm. "During the discussion of interaction between representatives of colleges and employers get the feeling that we are communicating in different languages ​​- says Nadezhda Bobrov, director of personnel management holding company" Atlant-M "in the Northwestern Federal District. - Representatives of colleges do not understand and do not want to understand the requirements of employers to the knowledge and practical skills required of graduates to work in the automotive business or in any other industrial sector. In turn, representatives of colleges think they are doing everything correctly and are not willing to change their programs to meet the needs of employers. " According to Olga Voroshilov, partner headhunting company Cornerstone, employers are sometimes willing to hire people with secondary vocational education in positions requiring even higher education, but only if graduates do not go to them. "For example, the pharmaceutical market highly demanded medical representatives - it gives an example. - Typically, when applying for a position higher medical education, as well as experience in the medical field are important, almost mandatory conditions. But people with the right skills are not too eager to take such positions. Therefore, we notice a tendency to a rather attractive for admission to the post of people with secondary vocational education. " Son team. Another reality: business, free flow of skilled middle-level personnel, accustomed to do on their own. Many companies have their corporate universities (this is a bit like pre-revolutionary school in plants). Just they are highly efficient, because students do not receive the "extra" knowledge. "We often hear comments of employers that" filling "of vocational education does not meet their requirements (as a rule, we are talking about technical specialties), - says Svetlana Yakovleva, head of macro" Northwest "leasing company" Encore "in St. Petersburg. - As a result, employers are forced to conduct additional training for new employees before they allow them to work. " Larissa Gritsenko, Director of Human Resources building in St. Petersburg Trade House "Petrovich", which specializes in trading in building materials, said system built Obu-tion experts "from scratch" today better than co-operation with commercial colleges. "It is more logical to select able and willing to learn the candidates and within the first 2-3 months to give them knowledge that is demanded in this company - she said. - Moreover, the cost of training such managers are not more than 2 million rubles per year (state subsidies to the enterprise would be enough for 10 years). As part of a corporate training system with the newcomers are 5 full-time coaches, the salary and go where the money and the vendors provide free trainings and seminars that tell about the features of their products. " From vocational schools - in college. In Soviet times, the system of relations of higher, secondary and primary school was built more organically - places in universities was lower in colleges - more. This difference in prestige was not: for secondary special could go even Excellent wanting to grow up faster, good salaries of workers and engineers with higher education have not always been in favor of the latter. If you prefer regulated. Thus, when post-war country needed skilled builders, and not a teacher coming into a specialized colleges were given an additional card for bread. And the "hungry philosophy" are less in demand than the strength of materials. Now the problem similar, and the government again is trying to get rid of cards. That's just the time has changed and requires new solutions. Representatives of colleges say that the recent number of people willing to do for them grew. According to Viktor Smirnov, chairman of the board of directors of colleges of Saint Petersburg in 2010, increased competition coming, amounting to about two people in place, while in 2009 this figure was 1.66. Partly helped crisis, people working less risk specialties get laid off, and the attractiveness of specialties grew. "The attitude to open source software today is changing, - said Victor Smirnov. - Students come to us willingly. But the project "Education" is completed, there will be new programs, but it is clear that the decline in funding. While employers today are very interested in our graduates and are even willing to participate in co-financing colleges. " Experts suggest that a shift right now really is, but so far it concerns only the desire to work, rather than the quality of training. "The graduates of secondary vocational schools have become more savvy in the stages of the process of employment, are more focused on career development - says Svetlana Yakovleva observations. - Some increase in the number of graduates seeking employment in their field. Many are focused on further training - or continuing education in their specialty in higher education or practical skills in the process of working towards a degree. " According to Yakovleva, these changes suggest that the level of general education graduates csuzov and their motivation to work in my field have increased. This can be a consequence of the successful teachers csuzov and a consequence of natural changes in society. Proletarians unite. Whatever training in primary and secondary vocational education, it plays an important role, attracting people into the profession in an age when they can still attract. Therefore, employers will still need to recognize it. However, he clearly lacks raskruchennosti and money: there are almost no institutions have strong brands that do not have dormitories, where they could live foreign students, there is no means to provide a strong staff of teachers ... But the main thing - there is no clear concept of development. To solve this problem could be a simple view of its European neighbors, in which the system is "abbreviation" of education and was borrowed a few decades ago. And strong brands and the prestige and the possibility of raising funds is a university with which institutions and NGOs could join the ACT, that is, by analogy to work with foreign colleges, almost all of which exist at major universities. Another way - subsidizing corporate universities - threatens too obvious abuses.