The role of banking risk management in modern conditions

The Bank, by definition, must be one of the most trusted institutions in society, is the basis of stability of the economic system. At the same professional management of banking risks, the rapid identification and risk management in daily operations is paramount. In connection with the formation of market relations the concept of risk is firmly in our lives. Thus, banks in the face of such instability, the rapidly changing situation, to take into account all the possible consequences of the actions of their competitors, customers, and anticipate the likely changes in legislation. It is this uncertainty and an increased level of risk - this is the price received for economic freedom. The guiding principle in the operation of commercial banks in the transition to a market economy is the desire to obtain the greatest possible profit. Risks, the greater chance of higher profits. Risks arise from deviations of actual data on the assessment of the current state and future development. The high degree of competition in the banking market caused bank managers to change their attitude to risk management policies. Besides, what was once considered a formality, now paid much attention. First of all, we are talking about the development of units responsible for risk management, management information systems, approval limits and methods of measuring risk. In this situation, it becomes apparent the need for effective system management of banking risks. It should also be noted that in the course of their activities, banks are faced with a set of different types of risk, differing in time and place of occurrence, combined external and internal factors affecting their level, and hence, by the method of analysis and methods of describing them. In addition, all kinds of risks are interrelated and have an impact on banks' activities. Change one type of risk cause changes in almost all other species. All this, of course, complicates the choice of method of analysis of specific risk and a decision on its optimization leads to an in-depth analysis of many other risk factors. It is therefore particularly important seems the precise method of analysis of, the selection of optimal factors and cumulative assessment of the entire system risks. Thus, risk management in commercial banks is one of the most important tools to enhance their competitiveness in the face hardened competition. Quality risk management increases the chance of a commercial bank to succeed in the long run. The activities of the Risk Management policy is at risk. A policy adopted a set of different risk measures aimed to reduce the risk of an erroneous decision. Aware of the possibility of risk is necessary but not sufficient. It is important to establish the effect on the performance of a particular type of risk, and what are its consequences. Risk identification can be carried out in various ways: the analysis of objective factors (probabilistic analysis operations research), analysis of subjective factors (intuitive prediction of behavioral tendencies of the market). Currently, the Russian financial market participants to manage risk based on intuition, one's reputation and previous experience. Only a small percentage of managers able to manage the risks from the use of mathematical methods. The risk management process is dynamic enough and its effectiveness depends largely on the responsiveness to changing market conditions, economic situation as a whole, the financial condition of a commercial bank. Of particular importance in dealing with problems of risk-ur raet intuition, which is the ability to find the correct solution to the problem and insight, ie understanding the solution of a problem. In the risk management process should consider the following rules: do not risk more than they can afford their own capital, you should always keep in mind the possible consequences of risk, not risk much for a small, positive solution, risk-taking is accepted only when there is no doubt that there is always some making risky tasks. An integrated approach to risk management allows for more efficient use of resources, allocate responsibility, to improve performance. One of the traditional methods of assessing and managing risk is a statistical method. The basic tools of statistical analysis are - variance, standard deviation, coefficient of variation. The essence of this approach is to analyze the statistical data for perhaps a longer period of time, which allows you to compare the incidence of loss of the bank with the probability of their occurrence. This method can be applied to the evaluation of different types of risks the bank, both external and internal. The frequency of occurrence of an acceptable level of losses for the bank depends on the number of cases the onset of a specific level of losses and the total number of cases in the statistical sample. When working in the bank's risk-free zone losses are expected, which allows a good profit. Upon entering a zone of acceptable risk profits are higher than losses. In the area of ​​unacceptable risk bank receives no profit from their activities. She is sent to cover the losses incurred. In the area of ​​critical risk the bank is close to bankruptcy. The profit is not enough to cover the losses. The statistical method is to study the statistics of losses and gains that occurred when making similar measurements to establish the magnitude and frequency of getting some economic return, and then conduct a probabilistic analysis and forecast the future behavior of the market. Thus, management of banking risks is a very rigorous process that requires careful preparation, highly qualified and responsible approach to assessing the real impact of the year risky situation.